diff --git a/src/Migration/Destinations/Appwrite.php b/src/Migration/Destinations/Appwrite.php
index 98a4e94..82025f5 100644
--- a/src/Migration/Destinations/Appwrite.php
+++ b/src/Migration/Destinations/Appwrite.php
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ public function report(array $resources = [], array $resourceIds = []): array
 
         } catch (AppwriteException $e) {
             if ($e->getCode() === 403) {
-                throw new \Exception('Missing scope: ' . $scope, previous: $e);
+                throw new \Exception('Missing scope: ' . $scope, $e->getCode(), $e);
             }
             throw $e;
         }
diff --git a/src/Migration/Destinations/JSON.php b/src/Migration/Destinations/JSON.php
index 9166047..91016ef 100644
--- a/src/Migration/Destinations/JSON.php
+++ b/src/Migration/Destinations/JSON.php
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ protected function import(array $resources, callable $callback): void
                         resourceGroup: $resource->getGroup(),
                         resourceId: $resource->getId(),
                         message: $e->getMessage(),
+                        code: MigrationException::CODE_VALIDATION,
                         previous: $e,
                     ));
                     continue;
diff --git a/src/Migration/Exception.php b/src/Migration/Exception.php
index 86eb2e2..ff599a0 100644
--- a/src/Migration/Exception.php
+++ b/src/Migration/Exception.php
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@
 
 class Exception extends \Exception implements \JsonSerializable
 {
+    public const CODE_VALIDATION = 400;
+    public const CODE_UNAUTHORIZED = 401;
+    public const CODE_FORBIDDEN = 403;
+    public const CODE_NOT_FOUND = 404;
+    public const CODE_CONFLICT = 409;
+    public const CODE_RATE_LIMITED = 429;
+    public const CODE_INTERNAL = 500;
+
     public string $resourceName;
 
     public string $resourceGroup;
@@ -26,7 +34,7 @@ public function __construct(
             if (\is_numeric($code)) {
                 $code = (int) $code;
             } else {
-                $code = 500; // PDOException
+                $code = self::CODE_INTERNAL; // PDOException
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Migration/Sources/Appwrite.php b/src/Migration/Sources/Appwrite.php
index 2844bcf..56bb07d 100644
--- a/src/Migration/Sources/Appwrite.php
+++ b/src/Migration/Sources/Appwrite.php
@@ -207,9 +207,9 @@ public function report(array $resources = [], array $resourceIds = []): array
             )['version'];
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             if ($e->getCode() === 403) {
-                throw new \Exception("Missing required scopes.");
+                throw new \Exception('Missing required scopes.', $e->getCode(), $e);
             } else {
-                throw new \Exception($e->getMessage(), previous: $e);
+                throw new \Exception($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Migration/Sources/CSV.php b/src/Migration/Sources/CSV.php
index 3cd227c..821db4b 100644
--- a/src/Migration/Sources/CSV.php
+++ b/src/Migration/Sources/CSV.php
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ private function exportRows(int $batchSize): void
 
             while (($row = \fgetcsv($stream, 0, $delimiter, '"', '"')) !== false) {
                 if (\count($row) !== \count($headers)) {
-                    throw new \Exception('CSV row does not match the number of header columns.');
+                    throw new \Exception('CSV row does not match the number of header columns.', Exception::CODE_VALIDATION);
                 }
 
                 $data = \array_combine($headers, $row);
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ private function exportRows(int $batchSize): void
                             }
 
                             if (!\is_array($arrayValues)) {
-                                throw new \Exception("Invalid array format for column '$key': $parsedValue");
+                                throw new \Exception("Invalid array format for column '$key': $parsedValue", Exception::CODE_VALIDATION);
                             }
 
                             $parsedData[$key] = array_map(function ($item) use ($type) {
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ private function validateCSVHeaders(array $headers, array $columnTypes, array $r
             $messages[] = "$label: '" . \implode("', '", $missingRequired) . "'";
         }
         if (!empty($missingRequired)) {
-            throw new \Exception('CSV header validation failed: ' . \implode('. ', $messages));
+            throw new \Exception('CSV header validation failed: ' . \implode('. ', $messages), Exception::CODE_VALIDATION);
         }
 
         // If there are unknown columns but no missing required columns, just log a warning
@@ -479,7 +479,11 @@ private function downloadToLocal(
         }
 
         if (!$success) {
-            throw new \Exception('Failed to transfer CSV file from device to local storage.', previous: $e ?? null);
+            throw new \Exception(
+                'Failed to transfer CSV file from device to local storage.',
+                Exception::CODE_INTERNAL,
+                $e ?? null
+            );
         }
 
         $this->downloaded = true;
diff --git a/src/Migration/Sources/JSON.php b/src/Migration/Sources/JSON.php
index 8abf63d..4fd0c8e 100644
--- a/src/Migration/Sources/JSON.php
+++ b/src/Migration/Sources/JSON.php
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ private function exportRows(int $batchSize): void
 
             foreach ($items as $index => $item) {
                 if (!\is_array($item)) {
-                    throw new \Exception("JSON item at index $index is not an object.");
+                    throw new \Exception("JSON item at index $index is not an object.", Exception::CODE_VALIDATION);
                 }
 
                 $rowId = $item['$id'] ?? 'unique()';
@@ -257,7 +257,11 @@ private function downloadToLocal(
         }
 
         if (!$success) {
-            throw new \Exception('Failed to transfer JSON file from device to local storage.', previous: $e ?? null);
+            throw new \Exception(
+                'Failed to transfer JSON file from device to local storage.',
+                Exception::CODE_INTERNAL,
+                $e ?? null
+            );
         }
 
         $this->downloaded = true;
@@ -270,12 +274,12 @@ private function downloadToLocal(
     private function validatePermissions(mixed $permissions): array
     {
         if (!\is_array($permissions)) {
-            throw new \Exception('Invalid permissions format; expected an array of strings.');
+            throw new \Exception('Invalid permissions format; expected an array of strings.', Exception::CODE_VALIDATION);
         }
 
         foreach ($permissions as $value) {
             if (!\is_string($value)) {
-                throw new \Exception('Invalid permission value; expected string.');
+                throw new \Exception('Invalid permission value; expected string.', Exception::CODE_VALIDATION);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Migration/Target.php b/src/Migration/Target.php
index 8fab14c..8dbc5a8 100644
--- a/src/Migration/Target.php
+++ b/src/Migration/Target.php
@@ -147,16 +147,16 @@ protected function call(
         }
 
         if (\curl_errno($ch)) {
-            throw new \Exception(\curl_error($ch));
+            throw new \Exception(\curl_error($ch), Exception::CODE_INTERNAL);
         }
 
         \curl_close($ch);
 
         if ($responseStatus >= 400) {
             if (\is_array($responseBody)) {
-                throw new \Exception(\json_encode($responseBody));
+                throw new \Exception(\json_encode($responseBody), $responseStatus);
             } else {
-                throw new \Exception($responseStatus.': '.$responseBody);
+                throw new \Exception($responseStatus.': '.$responseBody, $responseStatus);
             }
         }